碱激发铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料研究

为研究某铜镍矿产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣大宗量处置技术,基于铜镍水淬冶炼渣制备充填胶凝材料的可行性和技术工艺,本研究开展了冶炼渣粉磨试验和激光粒度分析、基于冶炼渣的碱激发胶凝材料配比正交试验、充填体试块单轴抗压强度试验、充填体试块及胶凝材料净浆试块SEM测试,结果表明:该铜镍矿冶炼厂产出的铜镍水淬冶炼渣有一定的火山灰活性,但其火山灰活性较低;实验室配制的碱激发剂对该铜镍水淬冶炼渣激发作用不明显;该冶炼渣的最佳粉磨时间为50min,D(0.5)为28μm。在普通硅酸盐水泥为主要胶凝材料的碱性充填料浆中,冶炼渣的掺入引起了钙矾石生成量的增加,随着粉磨冶炼渣粒径的减小,冶炼渣颗粒表面的溶蚀现象越来越明显。     

广西玉林胜果寺古代冶铸遗址研究

玉林胜果寺古代冶铸遗址位于广西玉林市兴业县龙安镇杨前村胜果寺附近的丘陵,面积超过2 000m~2。采用扫描电镜及能谱分析(SEM-EDS)、金相和矿相等研究方法,对胜果寺古代冶铸遗址的5个冶金遗物炉渣样品进行成分和显微组织分析检测。结果表明,该遗址为生铁冶铸遗址,炼渣属锰硅铝系高锰炉渣。冶炼产品除供本地铸锅等生产生活用品外,大量运往韶州涔水场浸铜。     

Comprehensive recovery of the components of ferritungstite base on reductive roasting with mixed sodium salts,water leaching and magnetic separation

Ferritungstite ores have great commercial value because of the huge reserve and high content of W, Mo and Fe. But their economic recovery has long been a challenge due to its complex mineralogy and heterogeneous. The current study investigated how reductive roasting of ferritungstite ores with mixed sodium salts affected the phase evolution of W, Mo and Fe through Micro-area XRD and Powder XRD, with the goal of comprehensive transformation of ferritungstite. Reductive roasting with mixed sodium salts at 800 °C transformed ferritungstite to Na₂WO₄ and magnetite (Fe₃O₄), which were easily recovered by water leaching and magnetic separation. Furthermore, a lot of pores and gaps rather than sintering or agglomeration was observed in the ore particles after roasting by SEM-EDS, which was beneficial for the water leaching of W and Mo. As a result, 96.40% of W and 96.64% of Mo were extracted after water leaching, while an iron concentrate with an Fe content of 55.65% and recovery of 83.30% was obtained after magnetic separation. These results suggested such process would be applicable to the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from ferritungstite ores, as well as similar tungsten ores and scraps.     

Mass balance and kinetic analysis of anaerobic microbial dechlorination of pentachlorophenol in a continuous flow column

A mass balance and kinetic investigation of anaerobic dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) was undertaken using an enriched microbial consortium in a laboratory scale continuous flow column, as a model microbial permeable reactive barrier. The chlorine balance showed that 50 µM PCP was largely dechlorinated to phenol with the formation of a small quantity of 3-chlorophenol as an intermediate metabolite (hydraulic retention time 7.6 days), and the chlorine removal efficiency reached 36 µM d^-1. When the initial PCP concentration was increased to 100 µM the chlorine removal efficiency increased 1.5 times. However, the dechlorination activity disappeared after 7.4 pore volumes (58 days), demonstrating the susceptibility of the dechlorination culture to high concentrations of PCP. Lactate released hydrogen as an electron donor during PCP dechlorination, with acetate, propionate, CO₂ and CH₄ as byproducts. The carbon balance showed that some of the organic carbon source (PCP, lactate) in the influent was converted to gas and utilized for biomass growth in addition to organic metabolites. The kinetic study was conducted in a batch culture and yielded 1.99 mg l^-1 biomass growth per unit of chlorine consumption (µM). The Monod equation was well fitted to the specific growth rate of 1.38 d^-1 and a half saturation constant of 0.29 µM. The organic chlorine removal rate in the batch culture was consistent with the results in the flow column, indicating the feasibility of and potential for in situ estimation and prediction through batch culture studies.     

pH control for enhanced reductive bioremediation of chlorinated solvent source zones

Enhanced reductive dehalogenation is an attractive treatment technology for in situ remediation of chlorinated solvent DNAPL source areas. Reductive dehalogenation is an acid-forming process with hydrochloric acid and also organic acids from fermentation of the electron donors typically building up in the source zone during remediation. This can lead to groundwater acidification thereby inhibiting the activity of dehalogenating microorganisms. Where the soils' natural buffering capacity is likely to be exceeded, the addition of an external source of alkalinity is needed to ensure sustained dehalogenation. To assist in the design of bioremediation systems, an abiotic geochemical model was developed to provide insight into the processes influencing the groundwater acidity as dehalogenation proceeds, and to predict the amount of bicarbonate required to maintain the pH at a suitable level for dehalogenating bacteria (i.e., > 6.5). The model accounts for the amount of chlorinated solvent degraded, site water chemistry, electron donor, alternative terminal electron-accepting processes, gas release and soil mineralogy. While calcite and iron oxides were shown to be the key minerals influencing the soil's buffering capacity, for the extensive dehalogenation likely to occur in a DNAPL source zone, significant bicarbonate addition may be necessary even in soils that are naturally well buffered. Results indicated that the bicarbonate requirement strongly depends on the electron donor used and availability of competing electron acceptors (e.g., sulfate, iron (III)). Based on understanding gained from this model, a simplified model was developed for calculating a preliminary design estimate of the bicarbonate addition required to control the pH for user-specified operating conditions.     

复杂铅铋精矿氧化熔池熔炼过程的热力学模拟

采用热力学平衡模拟方法研究复杂铅铋精矿富氧熔池熔炼过程中的元素分配行为,分析氧料比(OFR)和硫分压(pSO2)对Bi、Pb、As、Sb、Cu和Ag分配行为的影响,并对比模拟计算结果与工业数据。结果表明,该过程中OFR在6.3~6.8kmol/t之间有利于最大化Bi、Pb、Cu和Ag在金属相中的分配,进一步增加OFR将导致金属相分配率下降和渣液化温度提高。此外,高pSO2将导致Bi和Pb以硫化物形式大量分配至烟尘相,这表明低pSO2有利于降低过程烟尘率。     

高耐候Q355GNHDZ25钢板的研制

针对GB/T 4171—2008标准对高耐候Q355GNHDZ25钢板的要求,通过合理的化学成分设计,结合CCT曲线的计算,制定了合理的冶炼、加热及轧制工艺。所试制的Q355GNHDZ25钢板组织均匀细小,钢质纯净,具有良好的抗层状撕裂性能和耐大气腐蚀性能,并兼顾了优异的低温冲击韧性和强度,完全满足标准的要求。     

10％Cr型超超临界转子钢冶炼工艺研究

通过冶炼工艺试验研究,成功解决了10%Cr型超超临界转子钢低Si、低Al的成分控制及脱氧问题,并实现了化学成分的稳定控制,生产出了质量优良的百吨级电渣钢锭,检验全部合格。     

从铜冶炼烟气酸洗液中分离富集铼

铜冶炼烟气酸洗液经D296阴离子交换树脂吸附后,再依次采用氨水解吸Sb,NaOH和酒石酸混合溶液解吸Bi,NH₄SCN溶液解吸Re,实现Re/Sb/Bi的分步解吸并获得铼富集液。结果表明：酸洗液电位对Re、Sb、Bi吸附率没有明显影响,适宜的酸洗液H₂SO₄浓度为43.81 g·L^-1,Re、Sb、Bi吸附率分别为100%、6.55%和89.05%;D296树脂吸附Re的穿透容量和饱和容量分别为1.308和1.773 g·L^-1,且树脂利用率为73.77%;先采用12.5%氨水解吸Sb,16%NaOH+140 g·L^-1酒石酸混合溶液解吸Bi,通过添加酒石酸可有效抑制Bi水解,再采用10%NH₄SCN溶液解吸Re,得到铼富集液,其Cu、As、Sb、Bi浓度均降至1 mg·L^-1以下,且使酸洗液中Re富集了4倍。